Platinum (Pt) is commonly absorbed into the body through inhalation. Pt is a relatively rare element, so most Pt exposures are from occupational sources. Some hair treatments contribute to Pt contamination of the hair.
In recent years, there has been a slight increase in environmental Pt due to the use of Pt as a catalyst in automobile exhaust converters. Pt is a byproduct of copper refining, and used as an alloy in dental and orthopedic materials.
Symptoms of excess exposure include:
- dermatitis
- irritation of the mucus membranes
- COPD, shortness of breath
- wheezing
- development of chronic allergic reactions
- swelling. water retention
- elevated protein in the urine
- increased blood cholesterol